Qualitative Psychology Sampling Research Methods

Question: Discuss about the Qualitative Psychology for Sampling Research Methods. Answer: Introduction: The research study by Snaith et al. (2015) gives clear statement of research goal. It is to identify the experience of nulliparous women in telephone support intervention (TSI) and TSI with uterine artery Doppler screening (UADS) and collect their feedback on current structure of antenatal care service in UK. Methodology of qualitative research- Qualitative research is mainly done to identify feelings, values and perceptions of participants to any issues, develop hypotheses for further testing, identify emotions and attitudes to social issues, uncover strategic direction to address issue and many others. As in the research by Snaith et al. (2015), the purpose is to identify nulliparous womens experience in antenatal care provision, the use of thematic approach to conducting semi-structured interview with participants is appropriate to get reliable results. Justification of research design- Considering the lack of research on alternative method for providing women with relevant information during pregnancy, the research question for this study was design. Mixed method study along with randomized controlled trial (RCT) and semi-structured interview was selected to gain insight into the nulliparous women experience in TSI and UADS intervention. The justification for RCT design was that it provided the opportunity to assess the effectiveness of intervention on women. On the other hand, thematic approach to qualitative research was selected by Snaith et al. (2015) to collect subset of data from semi-structured interviews. It would contribute to developing the idea regarding the contextual factor that affects womens experience in receiving the interventions. The purposive sampling approach to interview will help in identifying areas of improvement in antenatal care. Hence, clear justification was given regarding the methods to be used in con ducting the research. Relevance of recruitment strategy- The quality of the research article is enhanced by the explanation regarding the method sample recruitment. It was based on certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. Those nulliparous women were included in the study who met the definition of low risk according to NICE guidelines and in this way 840 women were selected for the study. Those women who planned to move from the area during pregnancy and that receiving hospital-based teenage pregnancy support was excluded from the study (Snaith et al. 2015). This recruitment strategy is commendable as it reflects the researcher is focused on getting appropriate sample according to the purpose of study and eliminates any biasness in research findings (Robinson 2014). Hence, all detail regarding the method of sample selection and which people cannot take part was given. Explanation was also given regarding the reason for selecting low-risk nulliparous women in research and it was mainly because they will h ave reduced chance of complication and anxiety during pregnancy (Snaith et al. 2015). Data collection in relation to the research issue- As the purpose of this research was to determine whether TSI and UADS intervention can reduce the total number of antenatal visits and increase the satisfaction with care, interventions was provided to control group and telephone support group. Control group received standard antenatal care whereas TSI group received TSI in gestation period apart from usual care. To ensure consistency in data collection method, questionnaire related to womens expectation in antenatal care provisions, location, timing if visit, need for improvement and availability of support network was developed for the semi-structured interview. Hence, the reliability of the data collection method is enhanced by using an interview topic guide. All detail regarding the method of interview and duration was given. The foresight of the researcher is also seen by their focus on background of the interviewer. This was considered important as interviewer from nursing or s onography background may affect the interview process as well as analysis of result. This approach is useful to get explicit data specific to the purpose of investigation and enhance the value of research study (LoBiondo-Wood and Haber 2014). Relationship between researcher and participants- The reliability of the research article is reflected by the way researcher paid attention to the background of the interviewer during the interview process. It depicts the researcher critically analyzed the role of interviewer in contributing to biased and confounding evidence. During the data collection process, the focus of the researcher was on sample size. This approach is necessary in good practice research as there are time constraints which may pose problem for the researcher if large sample size is taken for the study (Scott?Phillips, 2014). The response of the researcher at various stage of data analysis is also seen which depicts critical knowledge about ways to enhance interpretation of data. This can be said because of the adaptation of familiarization process to extract emerging themes from the research. Consideration of ethical issues in research- There are certain ethical guidelines which must be followed before and during the investigation process in research. This involved taking required approval from research committee, informing participants about purpose of study, taking informed consent from participants after revealing risk and benefits of the research. Following ethical norms is considered important because it promotes the aim of research by avoiding errors, falsification and misrepresentation of data (Resnik 2011). Similar approach was also followed by Snaith et al. (2015) as ethical approval for the research was taken from the Joint Ethics Committee of the New Castle and North Tyneside Health. Women who were selected for the trial gave consent on being contacted postnatally for the interview. However, no detail is seen regarding how the detail regarding purpose of research or potential risk has been reported. Level of data analysis- The thematic approach to data analysis was used to classify the data into certain themes and categories. This was done by the inclusion of important themes that explored womens view of intervention. The coding process and critical reading of interview transcripts helped to generate emerging concepts and theme in research. The analysis process in the research was effectively demonstrated by using the thematic framework and indexing. By this process, emerging themes such as personality of midwife, individualized approach to antenatal care and ultrasound examination during pregnancy. The charting stage in data analysis was also comprehensively explained by the researcher where each theme was further classified into subheadings. This approach is beneficial to assess the commonalities in response and eliminate repetitions (Smith 2015). However, one weakness in data analysis is that the researcher did not give any indication to identify potential biases that can aff ect the result. Statement of findings- The result depicted analysis of the whole sample group with identification of seven major themes such as quantity of antenatal visits, organization of antenatal visits, relationship with midwife, preparation for postnatal period, TSI, UADS and impact of ultrasound scans. The result depicted that there was no difference between trial group in intervention and it did not affected the result. It also showed that a support intervention does not affect the number of antenatal visits. Hence, study finding is discussed in relation to the research question and it was also consistent with previous findings on the topic (Snaith et al. (2015). Contribution of the study to existing research- The credibility and value of the research finding is enhanced by clear explanation about the implications of the finding for antenatal practice. It recommended using alternative flexible approach to resource utilization by contacting women by other methods apart from face-to-face interviews. Hence, it did not supported TSI intervention for routine antenatal care provision for women (Snaith et al. 2015). References LoBiondo-Wood, G. and Haber, J., 2014.Nursing research: Methods and critical appraisal for evidence-based practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Resnik, D.B., 2011, May. What is ethics in research why is it important. InThe national. Robinson, O.C., 2014. 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